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Urban planners increasingly recognize that trees and other green infrastructure are not merely aesthetic additions but measurable contributors to public health. First, vegetation can reduce exposure to environmental stressors by lowering ambient temperatures through shade and evapotranspiration, which helps mitigate heat-related illness during extreme weather. Trees also influence air quality: while they cannot solve pollution alone, they can trap particulate matter and encourage walking and cycling by making streets more comfortable, indirectly reducing vehicle emissions. Second, access to nearby green space is associated with psychological benefits, including lower reported stress and improved attention, possibly because natural settings support restorative experiences and social interaction. Third, well-designed urban forests can strengthen resilience by managing stormwater; roots and soils absorb rainfall, reducing runoff and the burden on drainage systems. However, these benefits depend on species selection, maintenance, and equitable distribution, since poorly planned planting can worsen allergies or concentrate greenery in wealthier neighborhoods. Overall, evidence suggests that integrating trees into city design is a practical, multi-benefit strategy when guided by data and long-term management.